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How Is Type 2 Diabetes Diagnosed?

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To screen you for type 2 diabetes, your doctor may administer one of the following tests, per the Mayo Clinic: (20)

Glycated Hemoglobin (A1C) Test A1C is a two- to three-month measurement of your average blood sugar levels. While an A1C of 5.7 or below is normal, anything between 5.7 and 6.4 percent signals prediabetes and a reading of 6.5 percent or higher on two different tests suggests you have diabetes.

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A1C and fasting glucose are common tests used to diagnose diabetes, but if you’re pregnant or have a hemoglobin variant, your doctor may use another method, such as:

• Oral glucose tolerance test
• Random blood sugar test

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The prognosis of diabetes depends on several factors, including duration of disease, state of disease, and genetic factors. If you have had poorly controlled diabetes for a longer time, the greater your risk for complications such as heart disease and neuropathy, past research has noted. (22)

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More on Type 2 Diabetes Prognosis

Type 2 Diabetes Complications You Can Avoid

How to Live a Long, Healthy Life With Type 2 Diabetes

Don’t lose hope, though. You don’t have to be a statistic. Receiving a prompt diagnosis can help you get your health on track and reduce your risk for complications.

Indeed, if you take care to manage your blood sugar by following a healthy diet, exercising regularly, taking your prescribed medication, and divine live rap mere gully mein at gully boy trailer launch with ranveer singh 🔴how to divine live rap mere gully mein at gully boy trailer launch with ranveer singh for losing weight, you may find your quality of life to be better with diabetes than it was before your diagnosis.

Duration of Type 2 Diabetes

Although changes to your diet and lifestyle, and oral and injectable medication (such as insulin) can help manage type 2 diabetes, the disease''t for 1 last update 2020/07/03 always produce symptoms, so it''ve been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, you can work with your doctor to devise a treatment plan to keep it as close to a healthy range as possible.Although changes to your diet and lifestyle, and oral and injectable medication (such as insulin) can help manage type 2 diabetes, the disease''t always produce symptoms, so it''ve been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, you can work with your doctor to devise a treatment plan to keep it as close to a healthy range as possible.

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Some of the reasons blood sugar may go too high include, per the ADA: (28)

• Missing prescribed medicines or taking medication at the wrong times or in the wrong amounts
• Eating large portions, especially of foods with more carbs than intended or expected
• Not getting enough sleep
• Experiencing emotional stress
• Doing intense exercise
• Having an illness or infection

Learn More About Hyperglycemia

Hypoglycemia (Low Blood Sugar)

Although low blood sugar is more common in people with type 1 diabetes, people with type 2 diabetes can also develop this condition, especially if they are using insulin.

For people with diabetes, low blood sugar is considered for 1 last update 2020/07/03 a drop in blood sugar below 70 mg/dL, according to Medline Plus. (29)For people with diabetes, low blood sugar is considered a drop in blood sugar below 70 mg/dL, according to Medline Plus. (29)

The Mayo Clinic warns that low blood sugar can happen if: (divine live rap mere gully mein at gully boy trailer launch with ranveer singh 🔴how to divine live rap mere gully mein at gully boy trailer launch with ranveer singh for 30)

• Your body''s too much insulin in your bloodstream.

Although no two people will have the exact same symptoms of low blood sugar, there are some common signs to watch out for, the ADA advises: (31)

• Sudden, intense hunger
• Dizziness or light-headedness
• Excessive sweating (often sudden and without regard to temperature)
• Shaking or tremors
• Sudden feelings of divine live rap mere gully mein at gully boy trailer launch with ranveer singh 🔴how to divine live rap mere gully mein at gully boy trailer launch with ranveer singh for anxiety
• Irritability, mood swings, and sudden emotional outbursts that aren''t treated right away, low blood sugar may result in life-threatening complications, such as seizure or coma, or even death.

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• Take their insulin or oral diabetes medication but then skip a meal, delay eating, or eat very little
• Develop it as a side effect of other diabetes medication
• Exercise strenuously without adequate food intake
• Drink too much alcohol

If you have type 2 diabetes, you''s still low, eat another 15 to 20 g of simple carbohydrates, according to the ADA. (31)

Good sources of simple carbohydrates (which are digested and absorbed quickly) to treat hypoglycemia include: (31)

• Glucose tablets
• Glucose gel
• Juice or regular soda (not diet)
• Sugar, honey, or corn syrup
• Raisins
• Hard candies, jelly beans, or gumdrops

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Learn More About Hypoglycemia

Treatment and Medication Options for Type 2 Diabetes

If you’ve been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, you have various treatment options for 1 last update 2020/07/03 at your disposal.If you’ve been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, you have various treatment options at your disposal.

Medication Options

For example, you may be prescribed the oral medication Glucophage (metformin), which can help lower your blood sugar levels.

While metformin is the first-line medication for individuals with type 2 diabetes, it’s not the only diabetes medication at your disposal.

Others include:

Sulfonylureas and Meglitinides This type of drug works by stimulating the pancreas to produce more insulin, according to Johns Hopkins Medicine. (34)

Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors These drugs can help slow digestion of certain carbs, to help prevent blood sugar spikes after you eat, noted an article published in November 2014 in Diabetes Self-Management. (35)

Thiazolidinediones (TZDs) This group of drugs helps increase insulin sensitivity, in turn stabilizing your blood sugar levels, according to Diabetes.co.uk. (36)

GLP-1 Antagonists Diabetes.co.uk also notes that this class of medication helps increase insulin secretion in response to glucose and slows glucose from being absorbed in the gut. (3737)

More on Affording Diabetes Meds

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DPP-4 Inhibitors These drugs block the action of an enzyme called dipeptidyl peptidase-4 from preventing the body from breaking down GLP1, a hormone that increases insulin secretion in response to a glucose and slows glucose absorption from the gut, per Diabetes.co.uk. (38)

SGLT-2 Inhibitors These relatively new drugs facilitate the release of glucose through the urine by slowing the kidney''t any alternative therapies proven to lower blood sugar or put type 2 diabetes in remission, some people have found success with a therapeutic keto diet, along with certain supplements. (4)

Consult your doctor if you''re on medication or insulin. (20)

Self-Care

Staying healthy with diabetes also requires caring for yourself — such as by protecting your feet, practicing oral hygiene, and tending to your mental health. According to an article published in June 2014 in Current Diabetes Reports, having diabetes doubles your risk for depression, and yet healthcare providers commonly miss this diagnosis in individuals. (40)

Finding peer support is one effective way to manage your mental health, as well as your overall health, with type 2 the 1 last update 2020/07/03 diabetes, per a study published in August 2015 in the Annals of Family Medicine. (41)Finding peer support is one effective way to manage your mental health, as well as your overall health, with type 2 diabetes, per a study published in August 2015 in the Annals of Family Medicine. (41)

Insulin Options for Type 2 Diabetes

If you’re unable to control your blood sugar with oral or noninsulin injectable medication, diet, and lifestyle, you may need to add basal or bolus insulin to your treatment regimen.

Here''s no surefire way to prevent type 2 diabetes, but maintaining a healthy weight, following a healthy diet, and exercising regularly can help fend off the health condition. Reducing risk factors such as high cholesterol and high blood pressure can also play a role in type 2 diabetes prevention, notes John Muir Health. (13)

Complications of Type 2 Diabetes

If you have been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, you may have divine live rap mere gully mein at gully boy trailer launch with ranveer singh ⭐️how to divine live rap mere gully mein at gully boy trailer launch with ranveer singh for anxiety or concerns about the prospect of future health complications, such as amputations, heart disease, and vision loss. But living with this disease doesn’t destine you for these unpleasant outcomes.

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According to past research, long-term complications of type 2 diabetes can be prevented and, in some cases, reversed or slowed by a combination of: (53)

• Blood sugar control
• Blood pressure control
• Blood cholesterol control

You should discuss your level of control (and how to maintain or improve it) with your doctor at every doctor’s appointment.

If you have been living with diabetes for several years or are older, knowing your A1C goal and levels is particularly important, because you are at a greater risk for developing type 2 diabetes complications, according to a past study. (5454)

Health Problems Linked to Type 2 Diabetes

If your blood sugar is frequently imbalanced, you may be at a greater risk for the following type 2 diabetes complications:

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Lowering your risk for heart disease — or treating it, if you have it — involves a combination of lifestyle changes and may or may not include medication, the CDC points out. (57)

Diabetic Retinopathy In diabetic retinopathy, high blood sugar weakens the capillaries (the tiny blood vessels) that supply the retina, the light-sensitive layer for 1 last update 2020/07/03 of tissue at the back of the inner eye.Diabetic Retinopathy In diabetic retinopathy, high blood sugar weakens the capillaries (the tiny blood vessels) that supply the retina, the light-sensitive layer of tissue at the back of the inner eye.

The capillaries then swell, become blocked, or leak blood into the center of the eye, blurring vision. In advanced stages, abnormal new blood vessels grow.

When these new vessels leak the 1 last update 2020/07/03 blood, the result can be severe vision loss or blindness, according to the American Optometric Association. (58)When these new vessels leak blood, the result can be severe vision loss or blindness, according to the American Optometric Association. (58)

QUIZ: How Well Are You Managing Type 2 Diabetes?

Diabetic Neuropathy Neuropathy, or nerve damage, can affect any nerve in your body. Most commonly, it affects the nerves in the feet, legs, hands, and arms; this condition is called peripheral neuropathy.

Peripheral neuropathy can cause tingling, burning, pain, or numbness in the affected areas.

The pain of peripheral neuropathy is difficult to control, though some find topical products that contain capsaicin to be helpful.

Prescription products that may help alleviate the pain caused by peripheral neuropathy include a variety of antidepressants and anticonvulsants, per the for 1 last update 2020/07/03 Mayo Clinic. (59)Prescription products that may help alleviate the pain caused by peripheral neuropathy include a variety of antidepressants and anticonvulsants, per the Mayo Clinic. (59)

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Diabetic Nephropathy (Kidney Disease) In diabetic nephropathy, the nephrons (or filtering units) in the kidneys become damaged from chronic high blood sugar.

High blood pressure compounds the problem, and high cholesterol appears to contribute to it as well.

In the early stages of diabetic nephropathy, you may not notice any symptoms, but standard blood and urine tests can detect early signs of dysfunction, and early treatment can stop or slow its progression.

As many as 25 percent of people with diabetes may develop kidney disease, according to the Mayo Clinic. (60)

Diabetic Ulcer People with diabetes have an increased risk of developing foot ulcers (open sores).

A diabetic ulcer is often painless, and people may not even know they have them at first.

These foot ulcers can take several weeks to heal, and are a primary reason for hospital stays among people with diabetes.

If you have diabetes, the Mayo Clinic emphasizes the importance of examining your feet and legs regularly. This way, you can better identify diabetic ulcers and if needed get prompt treatment. (divine live rap mere gully mein at gully boy trailer launch with ranveer singh ☑how to divine live rap mere gully mein at gully boy trailer launch with ranveer singh for 61)

If you have diabetes, you may also deal with sexual issues, gum disease, sleep apnea, and red or brown lesions (diabetic dermopathy).

Learn More About for 1 last update 2020/07/03 the Most Common Diabetes Complications and How to Prevent ThemLearn More About the Most Common Diabetes Complications and How to Prevent Them

Research and Statistics: Who Has Type 2 Diabetes?

As mentioned, nearly 30.3 million people have diabetes, and the majority are living with type 2, according to CDC data. (1)

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Being overweight or having obesity are risk factors for type 2 diabetes, and so is ethnicity. For most groups of people, having a BMI of 25 or over is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes, but having a BMI of 23 or higher is a risk factor for Asian Americans, and having a BMI of 26 or greater is a risk for Pacific Islanders, according to the NIDDK. (7)

Learn More About Research and Statistics on Type 2 Diabetes

Related Conditions and Causes of Type 2 Diabetes

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According the 1 last update 2020/07/03 to the Cleveland Clinic, conditions related to type 2 diabetes include: (63)According to the Cleveland Clinic, conditions related to type 2 diabetes include: (63)

• Obesity
• Heart disease
• Peripheral vascular disease
• Stroke
• Neuropathy
• Nephropathy
• Retinopathy
• Glaucoma
• Cataracts

The good news is that tight blood sugar control, by way of diet, exercise, and medication, can prevent these comorbidities. (63) Getting support from peers can also help, potentially reducing hospitalization and rates of depression, according to a October 2018 study in Diabetes Care. (64)

Tips for Aging Well With Type 2 Diabetes

More on Building Your Diabetes Healthcare Team

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Unfortunately, aging itself is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes, so the longer you live with diabetes, the more likely you’ll develop health complications, according to past research. (65)

Following tips like these can help you stay healthy and keep your blood sugar controlled: (65)

• Lean on your medical team, which may consist of an endocrinologist, a podiatrist, an RDE and a CDE, and other specialty health professionals. In many cases, your primary care physician will be your main healthcare provider for diabetes care.
• Stick to your medication regimen, and be open to potential medication adjustments.
• Take insulin if your doctor says you need it.
• Don’t smoke, or quit the habit.
• Eat diabetes-friendly foods and practice portion control.
• Exercise regularly.
• Regularly check your blood sugar.

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Resources We Love

Favorite Orgs for Essential Diabetes Info

American Association of Diabetes Educators (AADE) Annual Meeting

Everyday Health editors attend the AADE’s annual meeting to connect with certified diabetes educators, registered dietitians, and people like you, who are looking for ways to better manage blood sugar, diet, medication, and more. Check out information on this year’s meeting in Houston.

American Diabetes Association (ADA)

The ADA is considered the leading nonprofit for type 1 and type 2 diabetes education. The ADA''s $3,500 per week), Pritikin offers an immersive experience with diabetes food classes, exercise education, and guidance from on-site experts.